What the Noble Eightfold Path is
The Noble Eightfold Path is the practical core of early Buddhist teaching, set out by the Buddha as the fourth of the Four Noble Truths: the way leading to the cessation of suffering (dukkha). Its eight factors are right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration.
The word commonly translated as right (samma in Pali) carries a sense of complete or skillful rather than merely correct, pointing to wholesome and well-aimed practice.
The three divisions of practice
The eight factors are traditionally grouped into three trainings. Wisdom (panna) covers right view and right intention. Ethical conduct (sila) covers right speech, right action, and right livelihood. Mental discipline (samadhi) covers right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration.
The path is described as the middle way between sensual indulgence and harsh self-mortification, and its factors are meant to be cultivated together rather than completed in sequence. It remains foundational across Buddhist traditions worldwide.