Resolution is an active program, not just fading away
For a long time inflammation was thought to end passively as the triggering signals ran out. Current understanding is that resolution is an actively driven phase with its own dedicated signals. The tissue switches from recruiting inflammatory cells to clearing them and repairing damage, a transition sometimes called the lipid mediator class switch.
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are a family of molecules that orchestrate this phase, including resolvins, protectins, and maresins, many of which are derived from omega-3 fatty acids.
What pro-resolving mediators do at the tissue
SPMs do not simply suppress inflammation the way a broad anti-inflammatory drug might. They promote specific resolution steps: stopping further neutrophil recruitment, stimulating macrophages to clear apoptotic cells (efferocytosis), and supporting return of the tissue toward its baseline state.
Research into SPMs and omega-3 supplementation is active but still maturing, and clinical benefits in humans are not firmly established for most conditions. This is general educational information, not medical advice, and supplement decisions should be discussed with a qualified professional.