Skip to content
Scrollchart
Crypto & Web3 Rich #rollups#layer-2

Rollup Data Flow

Transactions execute on L2, data posts to L1. Layer-2 scaling architecture.

A free, animated rollup data flow you can read here or embed on any website, from Scrollchart.

Rollup Data Flow

Rollup Data FlowTransactions execute on L2, batches post to L1 as blobs, finality propagates backLayer 2Sequencer / BatcherEthereum L1User Tx 1Swap 1 ETHUser Tx 2Mint NFTUser Tx 3LP depositUser Tx 4Bridge outtxnsSequencerOrders txns, applies stateState RootMerkle root of L2 stateBatch / BlobCompressed calldata (EIP-4844)blob txBlob Storage4096-field commitments, 18 daysRollup ContractVerifies state rootL1 FinalityCanonical, irreversibleL1 finality propagates back to L2EIP-4844 blobs cut L1 data cost ~10x vs calldata. Blob fee market is separate from execution gas.

A data flow showing user transactions executing on L2, batches posting to L1 as calldata or blobs, and L1 finality reaching back to L2.

Good for

  • Layer-2 scaling explainers for crypto publications
  • EIP-4844 blob fee market articles
  • Rollup architecture primers for developer onboarding

Source & accuracy

This rollup data flow is an editorial illustration built to represent the concept accurately. Where it shows figures, they are typical or representative values chosen to make the relationship clear, not a single underlying dataset. The diagram and its explainer are reviewed and maintained centrally, and updated over time as understanding improves.

Execution on L2, settlement on L1

Rollups execute transactions off the main chain (Layer 2) where throughput is unconstrained by the Layer 1 consensus. A sequencer collects transactions, executes them against a local state tree, and groups batches for posting to Layer 1. Only the batch header and merkle roots are recorded on-chain, not the full transaction data, compressing overhead by orders of magnitude.

Data availability and finality

Transaction data must post to L1 so users can reconstruct the L2 state independently, preserving the security property that no single sequencer can steal funds. Once the L1 block containing the rollup batch is finalized (12 blocks on Ethereum), the L2 transaction becomes final. Users can withdraw from L2 to L1 by proving their exit transaction is included in the batch.

Embed this diagram

Add this animated rollup data flow to your own site. Copy one line of HTML, or use the embed builder for theme and sizing options.

Reference

What this is
A free, embeddable, animated rollup data flow for any website.
Who uses it
Crypto / Web3 blogs.
How to embed
Copy one line of HTML. No signup. No watermark. Works in WordPress, Webflow, Ghost, Substack, plain HTML.
File size
iframe embed, ~80 KB gzipped (loads on demand, does not block your page paint).
License
Free forever. Editorial explainer text included; updated centrally over time.
URL
scrollchart.com/diagram/rollup-data-flow

Embed format options

Copy the universal HTML snippet, the WordPress shortcode, or an iframe fallback - see the WordPress plugin page for details. Any format keeps the same Core Web Vitals profile and the same explainer text.

Embed snippet 
<div data-scrollchart="rollup-data-flow" data-scrollchart-v="1"></div>
<script src="https://scrollchart.com/embed.js" async></script>

By embedding, you acknowledge the diagram and explainer text are served from scrollchart.com and may be updated from time to time to reflect new research or to link to relevant sources within the explainer.

Frequently asked questions

Where can I get a free animated "Rollup Data Flow" for my website?
Scrollchart provides "Rollup Data Flow" as a free, embeddable animated diagram you can add to any website with one line of HTML. No signup is required and there is no watermark. The diagram and its explainer text are served from scrollchart.com, so the embed stays current without any maintenance on your end.
How do I add a rollup data flow to a finance or business article?
Copy the embed snippet from the Scrollchart page for this diagram and paste it anywhere in your article HTML. It is compatible with WordPress, Webflow, Ghost, Substack, and static HTML pages. No account or API key is needed.
Related diagrams

Other crypto & web3 explainers

See all crypto & web3 →
Crypto & Web3 Rich

Optimistic vs ZK Rollups

Fraud proofs and a 7-day window vs validity proofs and instant finality. Two L2 paradigms.
Crypto & Web3 Rich

Ethereum Gas Fee Mechanics

Base fee burns, priority tip pays validators. EIP-1559 in action.
Crypto & Web3 Rich

MEV Flow

Sandwich attacks, frontrunning, arbitrage. Value extracted by reordering transactions.