What one sleep cycle contains
A typical night moves through repeating cycles of roughly 90 minutes, though individual cycles range from about 70 to 120 minutes. Each cycle passes through non-REM stages N1 (light transition), N2 (the bulk of sleep, marked by sleep spindles and K-complexes), and N3 (slow wave or deep sleep), then into REM sleep where most vivid dreaming occurs.
Most adults complete four to five cycles across an eight-hour night, but the cycles are not identical copies of each other.
Why deep sleep comes first and REM comes later
Slow wave sleep is front-loaded: the deepest N3 dominates the first one or two cycles, which is part of why an early-night awakening can feel especially groggy. As the night progresses, N3 shrinks and REM periods lengthen, so the longest REM bouts occur toward morning.
This explains why cutting sleep short by waking early tends to remove a disproportionate share of REM. General educational information only.