City-states and small nations lead urbanization
Singapore is 100% urban because it is a city-state with no rural hinterland. Similarly, Belgium, Netherlands, and Malta are nearly fully urbanized. Larger nations have more rural land and populations. The United States at 83% urban is highly developed but still has agricultural regions. Russia's 75% reflects its vast Asian territory with sparse population. This variation is partly geography, partly economic development: poor countries often have lower urbanization because agriculture remains a survival livelihood.
India and South Asia's urbanization lag
India at 35% urban is relatively low for a major economy because its population includes large agricultural communities, and rural migration to cities is still ongoing. As countries industrialize, the urban share typically rises. India's future development will likely push urbanization toward 50-60% as manufacturing jobs concentrate in cities.