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HD Wallet Key Derivation

BIP39 seed to BIP32 master key to BIP44 account paths. Hierarchical deterministic wallets.

A free, animated hd wallet key derivation you can read here or embed on any website, from Scrollchart.

HD Wallet Key Derivation

HD Wallet Key Derivation (BIP39 / BIP32 / BIP44)One 12-word mnemonic deterministically generates every key across every chain.BIP39PBKDF2BIP32BIP44Addressabandon ability able about above absent absorb abstract absurd abuse access accident12-word mnemonic, 128 bits of entropy512-bit seed: e7c8d9...a3f10bMaster key (m)HMAC-SHA512(seed, "Bitcoin seed")m/44'/0'Bitcoin (coin 0')m/44'/60'Ethereum (coin 60')m/44'/501'Solana (coin 501')0'/0/01A1zP1...vfNa0'/0/1bc1qw...8h7y0'/1/0bc1qz...3p2k0'/0/00x742d...f44e0'/0/10x9a3c...b21d0'/0/20xc8f1...4a090'/0/04Nd1mU...Bvf0'/0/1GpyV2...Kxa0'/0/2AzqQ7...Yt3Path format: m / purpose' / coin_type' / account' / change / address_index. Hardened nodes use prime (').

A derivation tree from 12-word mnemonic through master seed to chain-specific account paths, with the BIP standards labeled at each layer.

Good for

  • Wallet-architecture explainer articles
  • Self-custody onboarding content
  • BIP standards reference posts

Source & accuracy

This hd wallet key derivation is an editorial illustration built to represent the concept accurately. Where it shows figures, they are typical or representative values chosen to make the relationship clear, not a single underlying dataset. The diagram and its explainer are reviewed and maintained centrally, and updated over time as understanding improves.

Hierarchical deterministic wallets from a single seed

A hierarchical deterministic (HD) wallet derives thousands of unique key pairs from a single seed phrase (BIP39). The seed is extended into a master key (BIP32), which is then divided into account branches (BIP44). Each account can have receive and change addresses, all mathematically derived without losing any security. This design allows users to back up a single 12-word phrase and recover all balances across multiple addresses and accounts.

The derivation path and wallet recovery

The derivation path follows a standard (m/purpose'/coin'/account'/change/index) that specifies which key to generate. Following this path, wallets can deterministically recreate the same addresses from the seed, ensuring recovery from any backup. Different wallets using the same seed will generate the same addresses, ensuring interoperability. This architecture eliminated the need for users to manage multiple private keys or backup multiple files.

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Reference

What this is
A free, embeddable, animated hd wallet key derivation for any website.
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